A Caesar salad is a salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with parmesan cheese, lemon juice, olive oil, egg, Worcestershire sauce, garlic, and black pepper. It is traditionally prepared tableside.
Video Caesar salad
History
The salad's creation is generally attributed to restaurateur Caesar Cardini, an Italian immigrant who operated restaurants in Mexico and the United States. Cardini was living in San Diego but he was also working in Tijuana where he avoided the restrictions of Prohibition. His daughter Rosa (1928-2003) recounted that her father invented the salad when a Fourth of July 1924 rush depleted the kitchen's supplies. Cardini made do with what he had, adding the dramatic flair of the table-side tossing "by the chef." A number of Cardini's staff have said that they invented the dish.
Julia Child said that she had eaten a Caesar salad at Cardini's restaurant when she was a child in the 1920s. In 1946, newspaper columnist Dorothy Kilgallen wrote of a Caesar containing anchovies, differing from Cardini's version:
The big food rage in Hollywood--the Caesar salad--will be introduced to New Yorkers by Gilmore's Steak House. It's an intricate concoction that takes ages to prepare and contains (zowie!) lots of garlic, raw or slightly coddled eggs, croutons, romaine, anchovies, parmeasan [sic] cheese, olive oil, vinegar and plenty of black pepper.
Maps Caesar salad
Recipe
According to Rosa Cardini, the original Caesar salad (unlike his brother Alex's Aviator's salad) did not contain pieces of anchovy; the slight anchovy flavor comes from the Worcestershire sauce. Cardini was opposed to using anchovies in his salad.
In the 1970s, Cardini's daughter said that the original recipe included whole lettuce leaves, which were meant to be lifted by the stem and eaten with the fingers; coddled eggs; and Italian olive oil.
Bottled Caesar dressings are now produced and marketed by many companies.
The trademark brands, "Cardini's", "Caesar Cardini's" and "The Original Caesar Dressing" are all claimed to date to February 1950, though they were only registered decades later, and more than a dozen varieties of bottled Cardini's dressing are available today, with various ingredients.
Many variations of the salad exist; for example, by topping a Caesar salad with grilled chicken, steak, or seafood. Certain Mexican restaurants may improvise on items such as substituting tortilla strips for croutons or Cotija cheese for the Parmesan.
Ingredients
Common ingredients in many recipes:
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- romaine or cos lettuce
- olive oil
- crushed garlic
- salt
- black pepper
- lemon juice
- Worcestershire sauce
- raw or coddled eggs
- grated Parmesan cheese
- croutons
Variations
There are limitless variations. However, some of the more common are:
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- other varieties of lettuce
- grilled poultry (most often chicken), meat, shellfish, or fish
- capers
- Romano cheese
- anchovies
- bacon
Health concerns
There is inherent risk of infection by salmonella bacteria occasionally found in raw egg from cracked or improperly washed eggshells, however some countries such as the UK have eliminated this risk through vaccination and tracking strategies This is a concern with many similar dressings that are emulsified with eggs, though generally the pH level is thought to be acidic enough to kill those bacteria. Nevertheless, later versions of the recipe call at least for briefly cooked coddled eggs or pasteurized eggs. Recipes may omit the egg and produce a "Caesar vinaigrette". Many variations of this salad exist; yogurt is sometimes substituted for the eggs to maintain a creamy texture and others call for using mayonnaise, oil and vinegar.
See also
- List of salads
References
Bibliography
- Julia Child; Paul Child (1975). From Julia Child's Kitchen. Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-0394480718.
Further reading
- Greenfield, Terry D. (1996). Lorna Bolkey; Kathryn Hall, eds. In Search of Caesar--The Ultimate Caesar Salad Book. Alexander Books. ISBN 978-1570900143.
- Mariani, John F. (1985). The Dictionary of American Food and Drink. Book Sales. ISBN 978-0899191997.
- Stradley, Linda; Andra Cook (1997). What's Cooking America. Chehalem Publishing. ISBN 978-1885221551.
- Trager, James (1995). The Food Chronology: A Food Lover's Compendium of Events and Anecdotes, from Prehistory to the Present. Henry Holt and Company. ISBN 978-0805033892. }
External links
- History of Salads
Source of article : Wikipedia
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